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Behavioral Outcomes of Young Children Prenatally Exposed to Illicit Drugs

Review and Analysis of Experimental Literature

University of Kansas, Early Childhood Research Institute on Substance Abuse

George Sideridis

University of Kansas, Early Childhood Research Institute on Substance Abuse

Phoebe Rinkel

University of Kansas, Early Childhood Research Institute on Substance Abuse

Suely Guimarães

University of Kansas, Early Childhood Research Institute on Substance Abuse

Charles Greenwood

University of Kansas, Early Childhood Research Institute on Substance Abuse

Kathleen Baggett

University of Kansas, Early Childhood Research Institute on Substance Abuse

Pete Peterson

University of Kansas, Early Childhood Research Institute on Substance Abuse

Jane Atwater

University of Kansas, Early Childhood Research Institute on Substance Abuse

Mary McEvoy

University of Minnesota, Early Childhood Research Institute on Substance Abuse

Scott McConnell

University of Minnesota, Early Childhood Research Institute on Substance Abuse

The purpose of this article was to review the findings from existing peer-reviewed experimental studies describing the behavioral and developmental outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to illicit drugs. Forty-six such studies and 460 individual outcomes occurring from birth to 60 months were identified. Only half of these outcomes (49.8%) were statistically significant, indicating adverse effects of prenatal exposure. The greatest number of outcomes were identified for infants younger than 1 month of age and within the neurodevelopmental domain. The contrast between these outcomes derived from experimental studies and those reported in the popular press is discussed.

Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, Vol. 14, No. 2, 184-216 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/027112149401400205


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